Cyberbullied In Indonesia

Bullying and cyberbullying are two major problems that young teens and adults have. A lot of people are committing suicide every year just because of this problem. It starts online, then it can lead to neighborhoods or even at your own house. The most important things to know if you’re being bullied is to talk to someone about it. Don’t keep it to yourself.

Cyberbullying happens on many social media, such as Facebook, Youtube, Ask.fm, Instagram, and Twitter. When people are being bullied online, it hurts them so much and they can go into the stage of stress or depression. They might feel lost and don’t know what to do. They feel like they can’t trust anyone and they become lonely. The worst part is when people find them dead.

Cyberbullying is everywhere, no matter the grade or age. It is in elementary school, middle school, high school, and even college. Bullies think that life would be a lot better if all the people they harass wouldn’t be here. But the people who were bullied also think that they would have a better life if the ones who started bullying faced several punishments.

People need to be more aware when it comes to being bullies. If you see someone is posting negative things about you, the best thing to do about it is by talking to someone else about it or delete that social network. That way, you will never see it again and you can just move on with your life.

This is exactly why cyberbullying need to have a better law. Lots of innocent people are killing themselves just because of this.

There are a few ways to prevent cyberbullying:

-          Educate yourself.

To prevent cyberbullying, you must understand exactly what it is. Research what contributes cyberbullying, as well as how and where it is most likely to occur. You can talk to your friends about what they are seeing and experiencing.

-          Never open unidentified messages.

Never open messages from social media from people you don’t know or from known bullies. Just delete it without reading.

-          Think before you post.

Don’t post anything that may compromise your reputation. People will judge you based on how you appear to them online.

-          Raise awareness.

Start a movement, create a club, build a campaign, or host an event to bring awareness about cyberbullying. While you may understand what it is, it’s not until others are aware of it too that we can truly prevent it from occurring.

-          Don’t be a cyber bully yourself.

Last but surely not least, treat others how you would want to be treated. By being a bully to others online, you are reinforcing the idea that bullying is acceptable.

Social Media's Role in Finding the Missing

One of the advantages of social media is to find the missing people. If a person goes missing, the command makes an initial notification on social media. They choose social media because it is the easiest way to find it. Instead of making posters by printing out the picture of the missing person which is not effective, it is better to inform the lost by social media.

Aside from supporting the government’s program regarding go green, social media has large connectivity that can reach a lot of people in the world effectively and efficiently. Social media uses the internet to spread information. People can access the information by searching on Youtube, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and Path. As that information get retweeted by the police and public, the information spreads quickly. The police and public will start looking for that missing person.

We found that video elements in the digital media gather more viewership, which we believe will help in finding more missing people. After a lot of people saw or heard any news in social media about missing person, usually they will go to the police to inform everything they know about that missing person. And then the police will check and investigate whatever information they got. The police will call the missing person’s family members. And finally, the family can easily find their missing family member.

So, besides all of the bad things about social media, there are often benefits that follow from social media use. If social media used right, then it will give good impacts for you. So, it is more about how we use it. Don’t forget to use it wisely and use it for good things.

How Does a Light Bulb Work?

Imagine a world without light. We would be stuck in the darkness and limited to completing the simplest tasks. Light might not be the first thing that comes to mind when discussing survival preparedness but not only is it a key to surviving life but also a tool that helps us succeed in dangerous situations. So, light is very important in our life.

Light can come from different sources. It can come from natural sources, like sun and stars and also from artificial sources, like fuel-burning light, electrical light, and chemical light. Nowadays, we rely on electrical light for everything. But, how’s life before the first light bulb invented? Before light bulbs invented, people mostly use candle and oil lamps. But they are dangerous because they will set the house on fire if they come into contact with something that can catch fire. They also emit carbon dioxide and less efficient than light bulbs. Luckily, Thomas Alva Edison made the first practical incandescent light bulb in 1879. Edison wasn’t solely responsible for this invention. Alessandro Volta and Humphry Davy’s early research and development contributed in the invention of light bulb we use now. This invention changed the world and our lives.

A light bulb is an electric light with a wire filament heated to such a high temperature that it glows with visible light (incandescence). The common light bulb consists of several parts, some of which you can see, and a few you can't. Thin glass forms the exterior of the bulb, called the globe. It contains the filament made from tungsten coiled coil which gives off light, a stem made from glass which holds the filament, support wires made of molybdenum which ensure the steady flow of electricity through the components of the light bulb, and a base made from vitrite and aluminium that screws into a socket, such as in a lamp or ceiling fixture. It also contains inert gasses formed of argon and/or nitrogen which you can't see. The parts function together as one of the most successful inventions of all time. Light bulbs come in a variety of different shapes. Eight different light bulb shapes you will find easily everywhere are arbitrary, bulged reflector, candle, globe, quarts reflector lamp, parabolic aluminized reflector, blown reflector, and twist. Light bulbs are also manufactured in a wide range of sizes, light output, and voltage ratings, from 1.5 volts to about 300 volts. Arbitrary-19 (A-19) is by far the most common one. The light bulb is widely used in household and commercial lighting.

A light bulb works by converting electronic energy into light energy. When the bulb is hooked up to power supply, an electric current flows through the wires and the filament. Then, free electrons zip along through the filament and continuously bump into the filament’s atoms. The energy vibrates the atoms, which means the current heats the atoms up. When the atoms in the filament heat up to 2200^oC, they will emit a good deal of visible light. That’s why the filament made from tungsten which has a high melting temperature. The process happens very quickly

The glass bulb has an important role in a light bulb. The glass bulb keeps oxygen away from the filament and helps enhance a bulb’s capability. If heated tungsten reacts with oxygen at such high temperatures, tungsten will catch on fire. In the first light bulbs, all the air was sucked out of the bulb to create a near vacuum so tungsten could not combust. But, this approach created another problem. At such extreme temperatures, the tungsten atom vibrates enough to detach from the atoms around it and flies into the air. In a vacuum bulb, free tungsten atoms shoot out in a straight line and collect on the inside of the glass. As more and more atoms evaporate, the filament starts to disintegrate and the glass starts to get darker. This reduces the life of the bulb.

So, to increase the life of the bulb, inert gasses, usually, argon and/or nitrogen are used in a modern light bulb. When a tungsten atom evaporates, it will collide with an argon/nitrogen atom and bounce right back toward the filament, where it will rejoin the solid structure. This gasses also prevent combustion because it won’t burn or react in any way with other elements, unlike oxygen. It also prevents the glass to get darker.

And that's how a light bulb works. That process happens just in a few seconds. Cheap, effective, and easy-to-use, the light bulb is still one of the most popular method of bringing lights indoor and extending the day after sundown.

How Chocolate is Produced?

Chocolate is a sweet treat made from cocoa beans. It is one of the most popular sweet treats in the world. According to the World Cocoa Foundation, people around the world consume more than 3 million tons of cocoa beans a year. Chocolate most commonly comes in dark, milk, and white varieties. Not only does eating chocolate make you feel good, it also good for your heart and your brain. Chocolate is believed to contain a high level of antioxidants. It also could lower cholesterol levels and prevent memory decline. Have you ever wondered, how this delicious and healthy treat is produced?

First, chocolate comes from the cacao tree, which is formally known as Theobroma cacao and grown in South America, Africa, and Indonesia. It takes five or six months for the cacao pods to ripen from the pollinated flowers of the cacao tree. Once the cacao pods are ripe and red, they are harvested by hand. After that, white cocoa beans are removed from the pods. In average, one pod contains around 40 white cocoa beans. All of the beans are fermented to change the bitter flavors in the beans into something more edible. In this process, the color of the bean changes from white to dark brown. After fermentation, the beans are dried in the sun for about a week. During this time, the flavor continues to develop. Next, dried beans are placed into large sacks and delivered to the factory by train or lorry. In the factory, cocoa beans are roasted in large ovens at a temperature of 350 degree Celsius for about two hours to enhance flavor and aroma, reduce acidity, lower their moisture content, and darken the beans. After that, roasted beans are crushed. Their outer shells are cracked and blown away, leaving the crushed and broken pieces of cacao beans called nibs. In the last stage, the inner part is pressed and the liquid chocolate is produced. Cocoa and chocolate bars we’ve enjoyed are made from this liquid chocolate.

Students Should Not Get Too Much Homework Activities

          Homework is a set of tasks assigned to students by their teachers to be completed outside the class. The purposes of assigning homework to students are actually good: to increase the knowledge, to improve the abilities and skills of the student, and to extend what they know by having them apply it to new situations. A small amount of homework is actually useful for students. In reality, students get too much homework activities from school. Does a huge amount of homework make students perform better?

Homework is an important part of being successful inside and outside of the classroom, but too much of it can actually have the opposite effect. Students who spend too much time on homework are not always able to meet other needs, like being physically and socially active. According to a study by Stanford University, 56% of students considered homework as a primary source of stress. Too much homework can result in lack of sleep, headaches, exhaustion, and weight loss. Besides that, social time gives students a chance to refresh their mind and bodies. Students who have large amounts of homework have less time to spend with their families and friends. This can leave them feeling isolated. Without time to socialize and relax, students can become increasingly stressed, impacting life at school and home. Students also recognized that spending so much time on homework meant that they were not meeting their developmental needs or cultivating other critical life skills. Remember that there is more to life than hours to do homework a night.

            In conclusion, students should not get too much homework activities. The amount of homework given to students should be reduced. Homework is important and it does improve students’ performance, but there comes a point where handing out more and more of it won’t deliver better results. Too much homework can actually affect students’ health and social life.

The Importance of Education

Every day, from 7am to 3pm, we go to school to study. But, do you really know about the importance of education? Do you really know why the government of Indonesia make a law on compulsory education for 12 years, from primary school, junior high school, until senior high school?

           Education is one of the most important things that every person should get. Education plays a very important role in your life. Not only in your personal life, but also for your country. All of the students are the young generation which will be the next generation. The development of this country is in the hands of the youth who have high nationalism that will make our beloved country, Indonesia is better than before.

           Not only that, the government make a law on compulsory education to reduce the number of Indonesian people who are illiterate, can not read, as well as writing. Right now, there are 3,4 million Indonesian people who still illiterate. This can happen because some people prefer to find a job to get money rather than to follow education in school. Because in their opinion, go to school and study is a waste of time and not important at all.

            Compulsory education is an effort from the government to develop education in Indonesia. By obliging the young generation to learn in school for 12 years, they are expected to be able to continue their study until university and get a worthy job in the future. This is how the government reduce unemployment in Indonesia, so they can increase the welfare of their family and they can live a better life in the future.

       We need to remember that education is not all about knowledge. It is not always about memorizing the periodic table or learning the history of this country. Education is also about having a good personality, developing a good work ethic, learning time management skill, self-discipline, how to work with others, and so on.

         But, our education system only stresses the knowledge aspects. So, the student’s moral and character are ignored. There are a lot of smart people who have bad characters, such as corruption, fighting, smoking, consuming narcotics, and so on. This is the result of character building in education is not implemented by teachers to all students in schools. 

Actually, the ministry of education has classified that there are 9 pillars of character that should be implemented. They are, first, the character of loving God and all His creation; second, independence and responsibility; third, honesty and speak wisely; fourth, respect and courtesy; fifth, generous, and teamwork; sixth, confident and hardworking; seventh, leadership and justice; eighth, kind and humble, and; ninth, the character of tolerance, peace, and unity.

I believe if those 9 pillars are implemented at all school in Indonesia, our nation, Indonesia will be a great nation with smart people who have a good personality.

So, in today’s competitive world, education is a necessity for everyone, after food, clothing, and shelter. With education, you can get a lot of knowledge and you can learn to have a good personality. With education, you can change your life and change the world. As Nelson Mandela said, “Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.” 

Review of The Enchanted April By Elizabeth von Arnim

Orientation

-          Title of Book               : The Enchanted April

-          Author                         : Elizabeth von Arnim

-          Publisher                     : Dian Rakyat

-          Year of Published       : 2003

-          Place of Published      : Jakarta

-          Pages                           : 80 pages

-          Size                             : 11,6 cm x 18,6 cm

-          Detail                          : Novel

Interpretative Recount

          It was a cold afternoon in February, Mrs. Wilkins was unhappy. She is a young woman who is married. And she looked at newspaper advertisements about an Italian villa for rent the following April. She was excited and immediately asked Mrs. Arbuthnot to rent the villa together in hopes of reawakening their joy in life. They had the same problem, which is they both struggled to make the best of their unhappy marriages. Mrs. Arbuthnot agreed and took the responsibility for making arrangements with Mr. Briggs, the villa’s owner. They also invited the aristocratic Lady Caroline and the imperious Mrs. Fisher to joined them.

            They were enjoying their holiday in Italy. The garden in San Salvatore was beautiful, the sun was shining and the sea was flat and calm. In San Salvatore, they shared each other about their life and love. Mrs. Fisher felt lonely without a husband. Mrs. Arbuthnot and Mrs. Wlikins unhappy because they had too little love. Their husband was so busy. But, Lady Caroline was having a headache with too much love from many young men who wanted to marry her. So, she left London to avoid them.

            Over the course of their vacation, each of the women experienced awakenings of feeling and insight. Mrs. Wilkins found so much joy and freedom, so she decided to share it with her husband. Mr. Wilkins felt grateful for the opportunity he got. Lady Caroline realized that much of her life isn’t interesting. She also realized that she loved Thomas Briggs. Mrs. Fisher felt stirrings of a new and youthful desire to engage in the world and in life, while Mrs. Arbuthnot decided to ease her guilt by following the example of Mrs. Wilkins and inviting her husband to join her.

            On the first of May, everyone left San Salvatore. They all changed and they were completely happy. All four women renewed in life, love, and spirit.

Evaluation

Overall, this book has a very good story. The writing is great. The basic idea of the plot is vaguely interesting. We like the way the writer deliver the story, and it is easy to get into the story. The character portraits of the four leading ladies are a lot of fun. The word pictures of the settings, from the dreary London women’s club to glorious San Salvatore is also very interesting. It plays a significant role in the story. And we think the writer is successfully telling the moral story to the reader.

The downside is the topic may not be interesting for some people. If you like books that are an older style of writing, then this book is for you.

The moral story from this novel is we must have a love for life so we can live happily and be grateful for all the things that we already have. Also, if you are feeling stuck, dull, bored with your life, it means that you need a break from your daily routine to renew yourself. 

Summation

If you ask,  is it a great book? We think yes. It’s one of the best books we have ever read. We would highly recommend this book to anyone who likes a classic story and an older style of writing. It may not suitable for all teenagers, but it is very suitable for an adult.